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CHAPTER ONE
GENERAL
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
OF THE STUDY
Manipulating records and office
activities in any organization even the government has been conducted in different
spheres using different technologies that may suite at the time nevertheless
different means of carrying out office operation have evolved to facilitate
communication and data processing activities. Information technology so far
stands as the most useful means of office management. ICT speeds up the flow of
information and its use in decision-making (Ahmed et al, 2006). In a government
organization there are data to be collected, processed and stored for reference
purposes. Conducting these operations manually creates many protocols that
delay office job delivery. As such, officials sought means to better their
operations by using new technological means that will hasten office activities
and speed up data processing. To achieve this, information technology (IT) is
being employed.
Information technology involves the
use of computers and software to manage information in some firms or
organizations, this is referred to as management information system or MIS or
simply as information system (IS). The information technology department of any
organization is responsible for storing , protecting, processing and
transmitting the information as necessary, and later retrieve the information
when needed.
The aim of this research project is to
develop a system that will enhance effective usage if IT in local governance.
- STATEMENT
OF THE PROBLEM
The streaming trend in which clients
quest for the execution of their different jobs in a local government councils
is becoming alarming. record kept in different units in the council are being
requested for and is demanded to be delivered without error and on time.
Due to different office protocols, retrieving these records may be delayed.
Also, collecting these records and storing them follow a particular routine
which employs manual strategies. With this, there are bound to be problems at
different levels. However, managers and secretaries sought means of satisfying
their clients without delay of their jobs. Using a suitable technological means
is their pursuit. These are what makes up the statement of problem of this
research.
- PURPOSE
OF THE STUDY
The purpose of this study is to design
a system that will enhance effective usage of information technology in local
governance in ikot ekpene. It examines its success and failures. The study also
intends to show the concept and impact of information technology in the world
today. It show-cases the operations, components and devices of information
technology that can be used in any organization for carrying out office operations
effectively. The study also intends to model a new system for ikot ekpene local
government that will help the management of records in the system.
- SPECIFIC
OBJECTIVES
The following are the specific
objectives of the research;
- To
build a new system for ikot ekpene local government.
- To
speed up office operations in ikot ekpene local government.
- To
educate the public on the role of IT.
- To
improve data processing operations in the office.
- RESEARCH
QUESTIONS
The following are the research
questions formulated for this research work:
- What
is IT?
- What
are the benefits of the use of IT?
- Is it
better to use Information technology means or manual means?
- How
does IT improve office operation?
- What
areas of local governance can be handled
- SIGNIFICANCE
OF THE STUDY
This study is of significance because
it would educate government officials on the use of IT in their operations. It
will also help them to know what areas to apply IT in local governance. The
study is also of significance to software developers because they will discover
a better method of design for software applications. The study will tutor the
public on the roles of IT in their different activities. This research study
will trigger further research study on this topic by other academicians.
- SCOPE
OF THE STUDY
The study limits itself to the usage
of information technology in government offices especially in Ikot Ekpene local
government area. The study does not cover the usage of information technology
in other spheres like in the field of manufacturing and agricultural
productions etc.
- ORGANIZATION
OF THE RESEARCH
This research work is arranged into
five chapters for easy understanding. Chapter one introduces the topic and
related background of the study, statement of the problem, purpose of the
study, specific objectives, research questions, significance of the study,
scope of the study, organization of research and definition of terms. Chapter
two examines the review of related literature of the topic. Chapter three
focuses on the system analysis and design which will include; the research
methodology, system design, algorithm and program flow chart. Chapter four is
concerned with the system implementation and documentation it shows the system
flow diagram,analysis of modules, choice of programming language and
programming environment. Chapter five focuses on the summary, recommendation
and conclusion.
1.9 DEFINITION OF TERMS
Information: This refers to processed data ready
for decision making.
Technology: This is the application of
scientific knowledge for practical purposes.
Governance: This is the action or manner of
governing a particular group of people.
Role: This is the function of a
particular person or thing.
InformationTechnology: This is the acquisition, processing,
storage and dissemination of vocal, pictoral, textual and numerical
information by a micro-electronics based combination of computing and
telecommunications.
Software: This is a set of instructions
designed for a computer to execute.
TOPIC: THE ROLE OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY (IT) IN LOCAL GOVERNMENT GOVERNANCE, SUCCESS AND FAILURES
Chapters: 1 - 5
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Number of Pages: 65
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