BIOMETRIC IDENTIFICATION CRIMINAL, TERRORIST, AND INDIVIDUAL IDENTIFICATION

BIOMETRIC IDENTIFICATION CRIMINAL, TERRORIST, AND INDIVIDUAL IDENTIFICATION

ABSTRACT

Biometric system used for security purpose. Mostly the biometric system used for individual identification e.g. to scan finger, eye, iris, voice, signature, DNA, and Hand geometry. The main purpose of installing biometric system to minimize crimes and terrorist attack. The methodology of the study to collect primary data from research, interviews, and human observation case studies. The objective of this research study to control human theft, and terrorist activity in Nigeria.

Keywords component; Biometrics system, criminal identification, terrorist identification, facial recognition, Finger identification.

CHAPTER ONE

INTRODUCTION

Biometric systems are used to verify and identify human. It analyzes which person has its own unique identity. Basically biometric systems are used for security purposes, the main objective of biometric system to achieve goal of transparent identity. Biometrics measure individual‘s unique physical or behavioral characteristics to recognize authenticate their identity. Common physical biometrics system includes fingerprints, hand or palm geometry, and retina, iris, or facial characteristics, enrollment and authentication. Behavioral characters include DNA recognition, Palm Print recognition, signature, voice, (which also has a physical component), keystroke pattern and gait, of this class of biometrics, technologies for signature and voice are the most developed. The main purpose of biometric to verify and identify users. Identification has a tendency to be more difficult of the two uses because a system must search a database of enrolled users to find a match. Biometric systems ensure to depend in part of what the system is protecting and what it is trying to protect alongside. In France biometric system are used for crime detection and protection. It minimizes the terrorist attack, open weapon attack, misbehavior attack, cyber crime attack, bomb blast attack. Biometric system is basically a pattern recognition

system that recognizes a person based on a feature vector derived from a specific physiological or behavioral characteristic that the person process. Depending on the application situation. A biometric system typically operates in one of two modes. Biometrics offer greater security and ease than traditional methods of personal recognition. In some applications biometric can replace or supplement the existing technology. In others, it is the only feasible approach. Biometric contain sensitive information about the people. The biometric system that is considered in this paper is a verification system. Biometric system makes two types of errors e.g. false match or false accept. Mistaking biometric measurements from two different people to be from the same person. Biometric system also used for attendance system in different organization and institution.The paper is organized as follows section II describe Classification of Biometric System Section III describe literature review, section IV describe purpose and objective and section V describe methodology and section VI describe experiment and results.

Classification

Components of a Typical Biometric System. A typical biometric authentication system consists of five modules/components Sensor module: It is used to capture user's raw biometric data. An example is camera used to take a picture of human face. Feature extraction module: It is used to process the acquired biometric data to extract a set of features. For example, features on the surface of a face, such as the contour of the eye sockets, nose, and chin can be extracted. Matcher module: It is used to compute matching scores of comparing the extracted features against the stored ones. System database module: It is used to store the biometric templates of features the enrolled users. Decision-making module: It is used to either determine the user's identity or confirm the users claimed identity [1].

Fingerprint Biometric fingerprint identification is most popular method for person identification. Fingerprint has been widely used in business transaction. Fingerprints consist of a regular texture pattern composed of ridges and valleys. These ridges are characterized by several landmarks points, recognized as minutiae, which are typically in the form of ridge endings and ridge bifurcations. The spatial distribution of these details points is maintain to be unique to each finer, it is the collection of minutia points in a fingerprint that is primarily

employed for matching two fingerprints. Since all government agencies and institution used automatic fingerprint identification system. Materialization of low cost and compact fingerprint readers has made fingerprint modality a preferred choice in many civil and commercial applications [2].

BIOMETRIC IDENTIFICATION CRIMINAL, TERRORIST, AND INDIVIDUAL IDENTIFICATION

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Chapters: 1 - 5
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