AUTOMATED HOSPITAL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM

AUTOMATED HOSPITAL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM

ABSTRACT

This project is aim at developing an Automated Hospital Management System using a function-oriented design. Every cooperate organization, institution or government agency requires data and good quality information to function effectively. It is not an over statement to say that many organizations, institutions or government agencies have become critically dependent on the use of database system for their successes especially in the hospital. Data collected from various sources for example telephone, fax, verbal messages, mails etc. are used in decision making, planning and control of operations in management of clients, personnel and recourses. The poor efficiency of the present manual management system in hospitals today results from the inordinate length of time it takes to search for and locate patient folders and the ineffective filling system adopted. In this project the SQL Server database is the database server where the data is sent to and retrieved from while Active Server Pages (.net programming language) is the client which provides the user interface design and the forms used by the doctors, staff and nurses during administration in the office, laboratory, wards, pharmacy, X-ray etc.

		TABLE OF CONTENT
TITLE PAGE			I
APPROVAL PAGE			II
DEDICATION			III
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT			IV
ABSTRACT			V
LIST OF FIGURES			VI
LIST OF TABLES			VII
TABLE OF CONTENTS			VIII
CHAPTER ONE: INTRODUCTION			1
1.0	Background Information		1
1.1	Classification of Hospital		1
	1.1.1 Community Hospitals		1
	1.1.2 Teaching Hospital		2
	1.1.3	Public Hospitals	3
	1.1.4	General Hospital	3
	1.1.5	District Hospital	3
	1.1.6	Specialized Hospital	3
	1.1.7	Clinics	4
1.2	Manual Workflow Of The Hospital		4
1.3	Brief Description Of Hospital Activities		5
1.4	Problems Of The Manual System		6
1.5	Need For Automated System		7
1.6	Project Objectives		8
1.7	The Project Scope		8
1.8	Project Organisation		9
CHAPTER TWO: LITREATURE REVIEW			11
2.0	Literature Review		11
2.1	Evaluation of Healthcare		12
2.2	System Quality		12
2.3	Reliability and Validity of Quality Measures		15
2.4	Cost and Benefit		15
2.5	Service Performance		18
2.6	Time Efficiency		19
2.7	Usability		20
2.8	Legal Aspect		23
2.9	Legal Interoperability		23
2.10	Importance		24
2.11	Database			25
2.12	The Need for A Database System			25
2.13	Types of Database System			25
2.14	Non-Integrated Database System			26
	2.14.1 Increased Cost			26
	2.14.2 Stored Data Inconsistency			27
	2.14.3 Redundancy of Data			27
	2.14.4 Lack of Data Integrity			27
2.15	Application of Database			27
2.16	Basic Concept in Database Management
	System			28
	2.16.1 Database Administrator (Dba)			28
	2.16.2 Data Model			29
	2.16.3 Record			33
	2.16.4 Store Field			34
	2.16.5 Data Items			34
	2.16.6 Data Collection			34
2.17	Components of Database Management System			35
	2.17.1 Database Management System Engine			35
	2.17.2 Database Definition Subsystem			35
	2.17.3 Data Manipulation Subsystem			35
	2.17.4 Application Generation Subsystem			35
	2.17.5 Data Administration Subsystem			35
2.18	Oracle Database			36
	2.18.1 Component of Oracle Database			37
2.19	Hospital Management			38
CHAPTER THREE: SYSTEM ANALYSIS AND
SPECIFICATION				40
3.0	Requirement Analysis and Specification			40
3.1	Requirement Analysis			41
3.2	Data Collection			41
3.3	Data Storage			42
3.4	Data Communication And Manipulation			42
3.5	Data Security			43
3.6	System Cost			43
3.7	Requirement Specifications			44
3.8	Unit Requirement Definition			45
3.9	Function Specification			45
3.10	Hospital Operation Flow System			46
3.11	The Modules Of Automated Hospital
	Management System			48
	3.11.1 Patient Registration/Carding System			48
	3.11.2 Patient History And Record System			50

	3.11.3 Nurses Work Bench		51
	3.11.4 Doctors Work Bench		51
	3.11.5 Appointment/Waiting List Module		52
	3.11.6 Doctor’s Diagnostic System		53
	3.11.7 Laboratory System/X-Ray		54
	3.11.8 Pharmacy		55
	3.11.9 Administrative System		55
3.12	Accounting/Billing System		55
	3.12.1 Referral System		55
CHAPTER FOUR: SOFTWARE DESIGN			57
4.0	Software Design		57
4.1	Structured Design		58
4.3	System Processing Transformation		59
4.4	Input Transformation		59
4.5	Output Transformation		59
4.6	Entity Relationship Model (Erm) Of the Design		59
4.7	Design Database Schema		62
4.8	Program Design		68
4.9	Laboratory Manager		74
4.10	Report and Analysis		75
4.11	Laboratory		77
4.12	Examination (Nurses Workbench)		77
4.13	Diagnosis (Doctor Workbench)		78
4.14	X-Ray		80
4.15	Billing/Accounting System		80
4.16	Referral System		82
4.17	Death (Nurse/Doctors Workbench)		83
CHAPTER FIVE: IMPLEMENTATION ANDTESTING			84
5.0	Implementation and Testing		84
5.1	Choice of Programming and Testing		84
5.2	The Factors That Influenced the Choice
	Of The Asp.Net		85
5.3	Why I Choosed Oracle Database		85
5.4	Why I Need Oracle and Dot.Net Framework		86
5.5	User Interface		87
5.6	Types of User Interface		87
	5.6.1	Graphic User Interface	87
	5.6.2	Web-Base User Interfaces	87
	5.6.3	Command Line Interface	87
	5.6.4	Touch User Interface	87
	5.6.5	Natural Language Interface	87
5.7	Security		88
	5.7.1	Client Software Security	88
	5.7.2  Database Server (Oracle) Security		89

5.8	Software Testing/Verification		89
	5.8.1	Debugging	90
	5.8.2	Operational Flow Testing	90
	5.8.3	Data Integrity And Format Testing	90
	5.8.4	Load Testing	90
5.9	Project Cost		90
CHAPTER SIX:  EVALUATION			91
6.0	Evaluation		91
6.1	Achievement		92
6.2	Cost Analysis Of The Project		93
6.3	Recommendation		96
6.4	Conclusion		97
REFERENCES			98
APPENDIX			103

CHAPTER ONE

1.0 BACKGROUND INFORMATION

A hospital is an institution for health care that provides patient treatment by specialized staff and equipment. Usually, hospitals are funded by the public sector, by health organizations (for profit or nonprofit), health insurance companies or charities, including funds by direct charitable donations. Historically, however, hospitals were often founded and funded by religious orders or charitable individuals and leaders. Modern-day hospitals are largely staffed by professional physicians, surgeons, and nurses.

1.1 CLASSIFICATION OF HOSPITAL.

Hospitals are distinguished by their ownership, scope of services, and whether they are teaching hospitals with academic affiliations. Hospitals may be operated as proprietary (for-profit) businesses, owned either by corporations or individuals such as the physicians or they may be voluntary-owned by non-profit corporations, religious organizations, or operated by federal, state, or city governments. Voluntary and non-profit hospitals are usually governed by a board of trustees, selected from among community business and civic leaders, who serve without pay to oversee hospital operations.

1.1.1 COMMUNITY HOSPITALS

Most community hospitals offer emergency services as well as a range of inpatient and outpatient medical and surgical services. Community hospitals, where most people receive care, are typically small, with fifty to five hundred beds. These hospitals normally provide quality care for routine medical and surgical problems.

Some community hospitals are nonprofit corporations, supported by local funding. These include hospitals supported by religious, cooperative, or osteopathic organizations. In the 1990s, increasing numbers of not-for-profit community hospitals have converted their ownership status, becoming proprietary hospitals that are owned and operated on a for-profit basis by corporations. These hospitals have joined investor-owned corporations because they need additional financial resources to maintain their existence in an increasingly competitive industry. Investor-owned corporations acquire not for-profit hospitals to build market share, expand their provider networks, and penetrate new health care markets.

1.1.2 TEACHING HOSPITALS

Teaching hospitals are those community and tertiary hospitals affiliated with medical schools, nursing schools, or allied-health professions training programs. Teaching hospitals are the primary sites for training new physicians where interns and residents work under the supervision of experienced physicians. Non teaching hospitals also may maintain affiliations with medical schools and some also serve as sites for nursing and allied-health professions students as well as physicians-in-training.

Most teaching hospitals, which provide clinical training for medical students and other health care professionals, are affiliated with a medical school and may have several hundred beds. Many of the physicians on staff at the hospital also hold teaching positions at the university affiliated with the hospital, in addition to teaching physicians-in-training at the bedsides of the patients. Patients in teaching hospitals understand that they may be examined by medical students and residents in addition to their primary "attending" physicians.

One advantage of obtaining care at a university-affiliated teaching hospital is the opportunity to receive treatment from highly qualified physicians with access to the most advanced technology and equipment. A disadvantage is the inconvenience and invasion of privacy that may result from multiple examinations performed by residents and students. When compared with smaller community hospitals, some teaching hospitals have reputations for being very impersonal; however, patients with complex, unusual, or difficult diagnoses usually benefit from the presence of acknowledged medical experts and more comprehensive resources available at these facilities. A teaching hospital combines assistance to patients with teaching to medical students and nurses and often is linked to a medical school, nursing school or university.

1.1.3 PUBLIC HOSPITALS

Public hospitals are owned and operated by federal, state, or city governments. Many have a continuing tradition of caring for the poor. They are usually located in the inner cities and are often in precarious financial situations because many of their patients are unable to pay for services. The federal government matches the states' contribution to provide a certain minimal level of available coverage, and the states may offer additional services at their own expense.

1.1.4 GENERAL HOSPITAL

This is the best type of hospital, it is set up to deal with many kinds of diseases and injuries, and normally has an emergency department to deal with immediate and urgent threats to health.

1.1.5 DISTRICT HOSPITAL

This is the major health care facility in its region, with large numbers of beds for intensive care and long-term care; and specialized facilities for surgery, plastic surgery, childbirth, and bioassay laboratories.

1.1.6 SPECIALIZED HOSPITAL

This is a special type of hospital meant for a particular case like trauma centers, rehabilitation hospitals, children's hospitals, seniors' (geriatric) hospitals, and hospitals for dealing with specific medical needs such as psychiatric problems, certain disease categories such as cardiac, intensive care unit, neurology, cancer center, and obstetrics and gynecology, oncology, or orthopedic problems.

1.1.7 CLINICS

A medical facility smaller than a hospital is generally called a clinic, and often is run by a government agency for health services or a private partnership of physicians (in nations where private practice is allowed). Clinics generally provide only outpatient services.

1.4 PROBLEMS OF THE MANUAL SYSTEM

Lack of immediate retrieval:- The information is very difficult to retrieve and to find particular information e.g. - To find out about the patient’s history, the user has to go through various registers. This results in inconvenience and waste of time.

Lack of immediate information storage: - The information generated by various transactions takes time and efforts to store them.

Error prone manual calculation: - Manual calculations are error prone and takes a lot of time, this may result in incorrect information. For example, calculation of patient’s bill based on various treatments.

Preparation of accurate and prompt reports: - This becomes a difficult task as business intelligence is difficult, this is due to lack of information collation (ability to put information together and analyze them).

TOPIC: AUTOMATED HOSPITAL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM

Chapters: 1 - 5
Delivery: Email

Number of Pages: 100

Price: 3000 NGN

In Stock

Buy the Complete Material Now