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TABLE OF
CONTENTS
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
1.0 Background of the
Study
1.1 Statement
of the Problem
1.2 Purpose
of the Study
1.3 Significance
of the Study
1.4 Research Questions
1.5 Limitation of the
Study
1.6 Scope/Delimitation of
the Study
1.7 Operational Definition
of Terms
CHAPTER TWO
LITERATURE REVIEW AND CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK
2.1 Introduction
2.2 Habits Formation and
Significance
2.2.1 Characteristics of Habits
2.2.2 Significance of Habits
2.3 Concept of Study
Habits
2.4 Study Habits of Students
and their Significance
2.4.1 Developing Good Study Habits
2.5 Factors Influencing
Study Habits of High School Students
2.5.1.1. Gender and Study Habits of Students
2.5.1.2 Study
Habits and Socio-economic Status of Parents
2.5.2. Concept
of Academic Performance
2.7 Factors Influencing
Academic Performance of High School Students
2.7.1 Parent’s Level of Education and Academic
Performance of Students
2.7.2 Type or Size of Family and Academic Performance
of Students
2.7.3 Ordinal Position and Academic
Performance of Students
2.7.5 Gender and Academic Performance of Students
2.8 Study Habits and Academic Performance of High
School Students
2.8.1.1 Homework/Assignments and Academic Performance
2.8.2 Time Allocation and Academic Performance
2.8.3 Reading, Note-Taking and Academic Performance
2.8.4 Mental Concentration and Academic
Performance
2.9 Theoretical Framework for the Study
2.9.1 Thorndike’s Theory of Reinforcement
2.9.1.1 How Thorndike’s Law of Learning Relates to
Students’ Study Habits
2.9.2 Hull’s Theory
CHAPTER THREE
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
3.0 Introduction
3.1 Research Design
3.2 Population of the
Study
3.3 The Sample and
Sampling Technique
3.4 Research Instrument
3.5 Validity of the Research
Instrument
3.6 Research
Instrument
CHAPTER FOUR
RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS
4.1 Presentation of
Demographic Data
4.2 Analysis of Research
Question
4.3 Discussion of
Findings
CHAPTER FIVE
SUMMARY, CONCLUSIONS AND
RECOMMENDATIONS
5.0 Summary
5.1 Conclusion
5.2 Recommendations
REFERENCES
APPENDIX: RESEARCH
QUESTIONNAIRE
ABSTRACT
In
educational situation, success is measured by academic performance or how well
a student meets standards set out by the institution attended.Nevertheless,
reviews of students, teachers, and parents perceptions reveal that homework and
assignments help students achieve better grades. This study shows students who
gather information from the internet can be self-directed and independent.In
addition, some recent studies have uncovered a more positive relationship
between homework and students performance. This research shows the effect of
Study habits on students of the selected senior secondary schools within the
Mainland Local Government area of Lagos State. This can be viewed interms of
note taking and time management especially on Geography as a subject.
In this
research work the use of questionnaires were used to obtain data from the 5
selected senior secondary schools within the Mainland Local Government. In
which a total number of 200 questionnaires were administered randomly.
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
1.0 Background of the Study
Education is the process of developing the capacities and potentials of
the individual so as to prepare that individual to be successful in a specific
society or culture. From this perspective, education is serving primarily as an
individual developmental function. Education begins at birth and continues
throughout life. It is constant and ongoing. Schooling generally begins
somewhere between the ages of four and six when children are gathered together
for the purpose of specific guidance related skills and competencies that
society deems important. In the past decades, once the formal primary and
secondary schooling was completed the process was finished. However, in today’s
information age, adults are quite often learning in informal settings
throughout their working lives and even into retirement.
Education, in its broadest sense, may be defined as a process designed
to inculcate the knowledge, skills and attitudes necessary to enable
individuals to cope effectively with their environment (Abdulkareem, 2000). Its
primary purpose is to foster and promote the fullest individual
self-realization for all people. Achieving this goal requires understanding of
commitment to the proposition that education is a primary instrument for social
and economic advancement of human welfare (Verma, 2000). The world is becoming
more and more competitive and quality of performance has become the key factor
for personal progress. Parents desire that their children climb the ladder of
academic performance to as high a level as possible. This desire for a high
level of performance puts a lot of pressure on students, teachers, and schools
and in general, the education system itself. It appears as if the whole system
of education revolves round the academic performance of students, though
various other outcomes are also expected from the system. Thus, a lot of time
and effort of the schools are used in helping students to achieve better in
their scholastic endeavours. The importance of scholastic and academic
performance has raised important questions for educational researchers
(Ramaswamy, 2000).
Jimoh (2000), also described education as the totality of the
experiences made available to individuals in formal or informal situations, to
make them develop a rounded personality and to be useful to themselves and the
society at large. From the knowledge so far, it can be concluded that education,
inculcates the knowledge, skills and attitudes necessary to enable individuals
to cope effectively with their environment. Considering the numerous advantages
that are derived from education, no amount of resources expended on it can be
described as too much. For that matter, a person’s education is closely linked
to life chances, income level and well-being (Battle & Lewis, 2002).
Therefore, it is important to have a clear understanding of what benefits or
hinders one’s educational attainment. Parents and guardians send
their children to school to acquire relevant educational skills, knowledge and
good morals so as to be useful to themselves and the society.
1.4 Statement
of the Problem
This research problem emanated as a result of the increasing nature of
poor academic performance among senior secondary school students in Geography,
especially in external examinations like JAMB and SSCE. Many educationists tend
to shift the blame on the teaching methodology adopted by teachers and lack of
funds from the government to provide quality textbooks. And these might not be
the main reasons why students perform poorly in examinations. However, reports
on the high rate of poor academic performance in senior secondary schools in
the subject of Geography are of great concern to many Nigerians. Observations
and interactions with students indicate that most senior secondary school
students studying Geography have poor study habits which might lead to poor
academic performance
1.5 Purpose
of the Study
This study is to investigate the influence of study habits on the
academic performance of Geography students in mainland local government area of
Lagos State.
1.3 Significance of the
Study
This research is intended to add to the existing information on the
influence of study habits on academic performance of senior secondary school
students. The results of this study could be of significance to students,
teachers, parents, school counsellors, policy makers and the government in
assisting and encouraging students to realize the importance of study habits on
their academic performance. Students will benefit more from the findings of
this study as they will be offered the necessary assistance as and how to
develop good study habits which will help to improve upon their academic
performance. Students will also be given information on how study habits
affect their academic performances and the results of this study will make them
aware of the common study habits among other co-students.
Also this could serve as a guide to teachers and school counsellors who
always have the desire to see their students perform well by giving them the
right techniques of developing study habits. It will again help teachers
in understanding better the diversity of learning in students and as such,
develop more effective methodologies in teaching their subject matter for
better understanding of students.
Furthermore, parents on the other hand will be accorded the opportunity
to play their roles in providing motivation and rewards to their children to
encourage the formation and maintenance of good study habits at the family
level. Also, the study will help the government to provide the needed learning
materials and facilities to motivate students to enhance the development of
good study habits.
Finally, the study will serve as a guide and resource document to policy
makers and stakeholders in developing curriculum materials and text books,
taking into consideration students’ needs and aspirations as they study to pass
their examinations both at the secondary and tertiary levels.
1.4 Research Questions
The
following research questions were raised and answered in the course of this
study:
i. Will
poor attendance have any significant effect on academic performance
of geography
students in selected secondary schools in Mainland
Local Government
Area of Lagos state?
ii. Will
poor note taking skills have any significant effect on
academic performance
of geography students in selected secondary schools in
Mainland Local
Government Area of Lagos state?
iii. Will
poor time management skills have any significant effect on
academic performance
of geography students in selected secondary schools in
Mainland Local
Government Area of Lagos state?
iv. Will
failure to read instructions have any significant effect on
academic performance
of geography students in selected secondary schools in
Mainland Local
Government Area of Lagos state?
v. Will
over reliance on other students have any significant effect on
academic performance
of geography students in selected secondary schools in
Mainland Local
Government Area of Lagos state?
1.5 Limitation
of the Study
The
researcher encountered problems during the course of carrying out this
research; such problems were as a result of selected respondents who refused to
accept and participate and also encountered difficulty in acquiring relevant
materials and items. The attitude of selected subjects to fill the
questionnaire to time so as not to delay the result of the research also posed
a problem. However, the researcher appealed to the participants through
persuasive means.
1.6 Scope/Delimitation
of the Study
This study
was delimited to the following:
1. Survey Research Design
2. Use of questionnaire, simple frequency counts of
percentage was used in the presentation of demographic data while the
inferential statistics of Chi-Square (x2) was used in testing the
stated hypotheses at 0.05 level of significance.
3. 200 out of 32,899 senior secondary school students (www.ekoproject.org) served as sample for this study
4. 5 out of 43 senior secondary schools in Mainland Local
Government area of Lagos state (www.ekoproject.org) provided sample for this study
1.7 Operational
Definition of Terms
Academic Performance: It is the outcome of education the extent to which a student
has achieved his/her educational goals.
Class Attendance: refers to the students or number of students that are
present
Note taking Skill: refers to the
process or art of recording information that has originated from a source for
the purposes of disseminating that information at a later time. Usually, note
taking will occur during discussions where a teacher or lecturer is dictating
notes for a particular topic or during a presentation where the the audience
will note down information being presented.
Study
habit: An action or
pattern of learning that is repeated so often that it becomes typical of
somebody
Time Management Skill: refers to the act or process of planning and
exercising conscious control over the amount of time spent on specific
activities, especially to increase effectiveness, efficiency or productivity.
TOPIC: EFFECT OF STUDY HABITS ON THE ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE OF GEOGRAPHY STUDENTS IN SELECTED SECONDARY SCHOOL
Format: MS Word
Chapters: 1 - 5
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Delivery: Email
Number of Pages: 65
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