ABSTRACT
The research work focused on the
effects of cultism on students’ academic performance a case study of college of
education, zuba. The research work consists of five chapters. The chapter
entitles chapter one an introduction and scope of study, chapter two covers the
review of literature, which covers the various effects of cultism on students’
performance. Chapter three examines research methodology covering sampling
procedures and method of data analysis. Chapter four, this cover the
presentation of data analysis, chapter five hold on the summary, conclusion,
questionnaires structured question asked during the oral interview and
recommendations consequently, the research work was completed with references
slighted during the research work.
TABLE
OF CONTENT
Chapter One
Background
of the study
Statement
of the problems
Significant
of the study
Research
questions
Limitations
of the study
Scope
of the study/delimitations
Purpose
of the study
Definitions
of terms
Chapter Two
Historical
background of cultism
Categories
of secrete cults
The
initiation ceremonies
The
different stages of initiation
The
activities of secrete cults
Materials
for initiations
Meeting
Causes
of inter-cult violence in Nigeria tertiary institution
Solutions
to the problems of cultism
Conclusion
Chapter Three
Introduction
Research
instrument
Population
of the study
Sample
and sampling techniques
Validity
of instruments
Reliability
of instrument
Administration
of the instrument
Analysis
of data
Chapter Four
Discussion
of data
Chapter Five
Summary
Research
findings
Conclusion
Suggestions
for further findings
Recommendations
References
Questionnaire
CHAPTER
ONE
BACKGROUND
OF THE STUDY
1.1 INTRODUCTION
According to oxford dictionary of current English the word
‘cult” means a system of religious worship especially one that is exposed in
rituals. From this definition, cults have now popularly known as
“confraternity” has assumed a monstrous feature in our various institutions of
learning. This is because international figures have been known to be members
of the pirate confraternity in their college or institutions. Furthermore,
Kolawole et al (2000) said that when there was a violent crash between the eye
confraternity and the buccaneers at the University of Ibadan in 1989, some
notable professors and doctors at the institutions were found to be patrons and
bankers of these cults. The implications are that these professors and doctors
were members of these cults in their own college days.
It
is now common in our campuses that factors of naval cults violence clash ever
in broad day knight and mats themselves with dangerous weapons such as guns and
daggers. The recent occurrence are the university of Ife, Benin, Ekpoma,
Ibadan, college of Education zuba against the social ill calling to its total
eradication. Secrete cults societies could be traced down to the Egyptians. The
magicians in their request for more power used some cultic devices they formed
a school of taught which was mostly based on intellectual objectives, which is
mainly to enhance their cultic prowess. Initiations are conducted for people
that want to belong to a particular set of masquerade are observed thoroughly
by its members. One initiated, the secrete concerning the masquerade are
observed thoroughly by its members. In the late 40’s the higher institutions in
Nigeria were not associated with secrete societies. The first higher school
secrete cult in Nigeria came into existence in 1952 when a group of seven (7)
students lead by Wole Soyinka Olumuyiwa, Awe, Raph, Opora, Dir Aif-Imokhunede,
Junji Tubi and Oly Agunoloye formed the sea dogs confraternity (AKA Pirates) in
the university of Ibadan. There was nothing secreted then when it was newly
introduced. The main reason of forming the cult was to fight colonialism
ensuring the dignity of man and ride the Nigeria society of elitism and
tribalism. Its members engage in humanitarian activities such as donations of
blood to hospitals to save lives and assist the helpless in the society also,
an attempt to fight any attempted oppress students by any lecturers or the
school management trying to impose oppressive policies on the students,
“everything we did then was healthy, firm, harmless and above board”. Recall
Muyiwa Awe, one of the founding fathers their confraternity were legitimate and
officially recognized by the school authority and the government of the time.
Cultism could simply be described as a kind of gang behaviour that is contrary
to the acceptable norms and value of the large society and its characters by
oath taking, secrecy and violence. According to Hornsby (2001) it is also
system of religious worship, a devotion to a person or practice and ritual
especially of a single diet.
However,
that is where the similarities ends as there is indeed a distinction between
the two for instance “secrete society” is defined in section 31% of the
constitution of the federal republic of Nigeria 1999 as including any secrete
association group or body of persons (whether registered or not).
a.
That uses secrete signs, oaths, rites or
symbols and which is formed to promote on course the purpose or part of the
purpose of which is to foster the interest of its members and to aid one
another under any circumstances without due regard to merit fair play or
justice to the detriment of the legitimate interest of those who are not
members.
b.
The members are shown to observe oaths of
secrecy or the activities of which are not known to the public at large, the
names of whose members are kept secret and whose meeting and other activities
are held in secrete. Although there is no definition in the constitution.
The
definition given to it in the secrete cult and similar activities (prohibition)
law 2004 recently passed in the River State House of Assembly in 18 instructive
as it clearly shown the popularity in Nigeria of the non academic every day
usage of the phrase. That law defined secrete cult as follows ‘it means an
organisation, association, group of body or person (whether or not listed)
whose membership meeting and others activities are kept secrete and which
promote causes or engage in acts of violence or harm.
From
the definition above, definition above, it can be seen that the essential
difference between the two notions is the dominant element of violence in the
definition of secrete cult, which element is not necessarily present in that of
the secrete society.
1.2 THE STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEMS
The
fundamental problems of cultism are the uncertain and unsafe atmosphere in our
campuses. Ewa to the activities of members, of secrete cult, the manner of
operation is both sinister inn our campuses in recent times of cultism whose
phenomena seen to be going more and prominence on our campuses. This researcher
intend to make an in-depth study into the factors which created the on hearty
climate that encourage the growth and spread of cultism in our institution of
learning with a view to proffer solution to the problems.
1.3 PURPOSE OF THE STUDY
The purpose of this study is to examine the effects of
cultism on student’s emotions. A case study if the College of Education
Ekiadolor-Benin with the view to educate the public about magnitude of the
problems. It will also examine the factors that promote the growth of cultism
in our institutions of higher learning. Furthermore, it will also help to know
its sanctions placed on students by the school outward contribution to the
growth of cultism in our institution of higher learning. Lastly, it will
examine how cultism affects the intellectual ability of the students.
Order the full materials for
this project from chapter one to References.
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